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Europace Advance Access published online on August 15, 2008
Europace, doi:10.1093/europace/eun205
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2008. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

REVIEW

Tools and strategies for the reduction of inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks

Stylianos Tzeis1, George Andrikopoulos2, Christof Kolb1 and Panos E. Vardas3,*

1 Deutsches Herzzentrum and 1. Medizinische Klinik, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; 2 First Department of Cardiology, Evagelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece; 3 Cardiology Department, Heraklion University Hospital, PO Box 1352, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have been shown to provide a survival benefit in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death. A major problem associated with ICD therapy is the occurrence of inappropriate shocks which impair patients' quality of life and may also be arrhythmogenic. Despite recent technological advances, the incidence of inappropriate shocks remains high, thus posing a challenge that we have to meet. In the present review we summarise the available tools and the strategies that can be followed in order to reduce inappropriate ICD shocks.

Key Words: Implantable cardioverter defibrillator, Inappropriate shock, ICD programming

* Corresponding author. Tel: +30 2810 392706/392422; fax: +30 2810 542055. E-mail address: cardio{at}med.uoc.gr or mximeris{at}excite.com

Manuscript submitted 22 February 2008. Accepted after revision 19 July 2008.


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