© 2003 by European Society of Cardiology
Right atrial modification of maze surgery does not affect refractoriness and conduction patterns of human lone atrial fibrillation
1Departments of Cardiology and Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, St Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein; 2Experimental and Molecular Cardiology Group, Cardiovascular Research Institute Amsterdam; 3Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht; 4Department of Medical Physics, Amsterdam Medical Center, Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands The Netherlands
BACKGROUND: Tissue mass and structure are relevant for initiation and persistence of fibrillation. Modification of the right atrium during maze surgery may change the arrhythmogenic substrate of atrial fibrillation (AF).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Epicardial mapping was performed in 9 patients undergoing unmodified maze III surgery for lone paroxysmal AF. Simultaneous recording of AF on the right and left atrium was carried out with two spoon-electrodes each harbouring 64 terminals. Activation maps of AF were made to study AF wavelet organization. The recording position on right and left atria was outside the surgical field and remained unchanged before and after surgery. Before surgery, mean right and left fibrillatory intervals were 174±23 ms, and 175±26 ms, respectively, and did not differ. After completed right atrial surgery, these fibrillary intervals remained unchanged. Mean right and left atrial dispersion of refractoriness (expressed as the coefficient of variation) were 4·2±0·8 and 5·2±3·8 ms. Only right atrial dispersion of refractoriness increased significantly after right-sided surgery. Prior to surgery, activation patterns of the left atrium were more complex than that of the right atrium. The left activation patterns became less complex afterwards; the right atrial activation patterns did not change.
CONCLUSION: The right atrial modification of maze III surgery neither affects atrial refractoriness during human lone AF nor changes AF wavelet organization. Thus, right atrial surgery does not modify the arrhythmogenic substrate of AF. These findings may imply that maze surgery can be restricted to the left atrium.
Key Words: Atrial fibrillation, cardiac surgery, maze surgery
Correspondence: Norbert M. van Hemel, Department of Cardiology, St Antonius Hospital, P.O. Box 2500, 3430 EM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. Tel.: 31-30-6099111. Fax: 31-30-6034420. Email: rdcardio{at}worldonline.nl
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