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Europace 2009 11(Supplement 5):v58-v65; doi:10.1093/europace/eup308
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2009. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.
The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal, Learned Society and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

This article appears in the following Europace issue: Spotlight Issue: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [View the issue table of contents]

What is treatment success in cardiac resynchronization therapy?

Paul W.X. Foley, Francisco Leyva* and Michael P. Frenneaux

Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment for symptomatic patients with heart failure, a prolonged QRS duration, and impaired left ventricular (LV) function. Identification of ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’ to CRT has attracted considerable attention. The response to CRT can be measured in terms of symptomatic response or clinical outcome, or both. Alternatively, the response to CRT can be measured in terms of changes in surrogate measures of outcome, such as LV volumes, LV ejection fraction, invasive measures of cardiac performance, peak oxygen uptake, and neurohormones. This review explores whether these measures can be used in assessing the symptomatic and prognostic response to CRT. The role of these parameters to the management of individual patients is also discussed.

Key Words: Cardiac resynchronization therapy, Mortality, Responders

* Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK. Tel: +44 121 472 1311. Email: cardiologists{at}hotmail.com


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