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Europace Advance Access originally published online on March 12, 2008
Europace 2008 10(4):444-449; doi:10.1093/europace/eun041
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Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2008. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

NOVEL NONPHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPIES FOR AF

Systemic inflammatory changes after pulmonary vein radiofrequency ablation do not alter stem cell mobilization

Andreas Stein, Gabi Wessling, Isabel Deisenhofer, Gabriele Busch, Birgit Steppich, Heidi Estner, Bernhard Zrenner, Claus Schmitt, Siegmund Braun, Albert Schömig and Ilka Ott*

Deutsches Herzzentrum und 1, Medizinische Klinik der Technischen Universität München, Lazarettstraße 36, 80636 München, Germany

Aims: Aim of this study was to investigate the number of circulating progenitor cells, systemic inflammatory mediators, and myocardial necrosis in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing pulmonary vein (PV) isolation by radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Radiofrequency ablation generates a localized myocardial necrosis that might result in a release of inflammatory mediators enhancing progenitor cell mobilization and improving tissue repair.

Methods and results: Blood samples were collected in patients with paroxysmal AF before and after PV isolation. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, TNF-{alpha}, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12, and stromal derived factor (SDF)-1 were measured by immunoassay. CD34+CD133+, CD117+, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were analysed by flow cytometry and culture assay. After ablation procedure, a rise in creatine kinase and troponin T levels indicated myocardial necrosis. Leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein and IL-6 levels increased significantly. Myocardial necrosis and inflammatory response correlated with an increase in IL-6 (P = 0.007). In contrast, SDF-1 levels decreased after RF ablation (P = 0.004). Yet, no significant changes were observed in IL-1β, TNF-{alpha}, IL-8, IL 10, and IL-12 plasma levels or in the number of circulating CD34+CD133+ and CD117+ progenitor cells, whereas EPCs decreased by trend.

Conclusion: Although PV isolation by RF ablation in patients with paroxysmal AF induces a systemic inflammatory response associated with myocardial necrosis, no alterations in circulating progenitor cells were observed. Thus, isolated myocardial necrosis may not be sufficient to account for progenitor cell mobilization.

Key Words: Inflammation, Progenitor cells, Ablation, Tachyarrhythmias, Cytokines

* Corresponding author. Tel: +49 89 4140 2350; fax: +49 89 1218 4013.E-mail address: ott{at}dhm.mhn.de

Manuscript submitted 20 November 2007. Accepted after revision 2 February 2008.


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